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CHAPTER 2 XML STRUCTURE John Smith 12345 The items ordered by the customer take the form of the following structure: Book 11111 Combining these into a single document would result in the following: John Smith 12345 Book 11111 Unless you read the pieces of the document in context, the elements Name and Number are ambiguous. Does Number refer to the customer number or an item number? Right now the only way you can tell is that if you are within an item, then Number must refer to an item number; otherwise, it refers to a customer number. This is just a simple case, but it does get worse, such as when elements appear within the same scope. In any event, using namespaces uniquely identifies the elements and attributes, so there is no need for guesswork or trying to figure out the context. Take the following document, for instance. Separate namespaces have been created for Customer and Item data. Just by looking at the element names, you can easily distinguish to what the data refers. John Smith 12345 Book 11111

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